Chapter 2

Original English Translation
天tian下xia皆jie知zhi美mei之zhi為wei美mei,
All under heaven know beauty as beauty,
斯si惡e已yi。
and so there is ugliness.
皆jie知zhi善shan之zhi為wei善shan,
All know goodness as goodness,
斯si不bu善shan已yi。
and so there is badness.
故gu有you無wu相xiang生sheng,
Thus, being and non-being produce each other,
難nan易yi相xiang成cheng,
hard and easy complete each other,
長chang短duan相xiang較jiao,
long and short contrast each other,
高gao下xia相xiang傾qing,
high and low lean into each other,
音yin聲sheng相xiang和he,
sound and tone harmonize.
前qian後hou相xiang隨sui。
Front and back follow one another.
是shi以yi聖sheng人ren處chu無wu為wei之zhi事shi,
Therefore the sage abides in non-action,
行xing不bu言yan之zhi教jiao;
practices a wordless teaching;
萬wan物wu作zuo焉yan而er不bu辭ci,
the ten thousand things arise, and he does not refuse;
生sheng而er不bu有you。
gives life, yet does not possess;
為wei而er不bu恃shi,
acts, yet does not lean on it;
功gong成cheng而er弗fu居ju。
the work is done, yet he does not dwell there.
夫fu唯wei弗fu居ju,
Precisely because he does not dwell,
是shi以yi不bu去qu。
therefore it does not leave.

Glyph notes

天 tian

sky; heaven; nature; fate; day

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下 xia

below; down; descend; next; subordinate

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皆 jie

all; every; each; entirely; altogether

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知 zhi

know; recognize; understand; knowledge; wisdom

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美 mei

beautiful; fine; good; pleasing; delicious

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之 zhi

it, him, her, them; of; 's; go to; reach

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為 wei

do; make; become; be; serve as; for; because of

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斯 si

this; these; such; thus

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惡 e

bad; evil; wicked; hate; dislike

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已 yi

already; finished; completed; ceased

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善 shan

good; virtuous; skilled; to be proficient at; kindness

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不 bu

not; no; un-; non=

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故 gu

cause; reason; former; old; therefore

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有 you

have; possess; exist; there is/are; present

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無 wu

not; without; nothing; lacking; void

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相 xiang

mutual; each other; appearance; to observe; minister

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生 sheng

birth; life; grow; produce; raw; inexperienced

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難 nan

difficult; hard; calamity; trouble; distress

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易 yi

easy; change; exchange; simple

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成 cheng

become; complete; succeed; accomplish; finished

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長 chang

long; grow; leader; elder

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短 duan

short; brief; deficient; shortcoming

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較 jiao

compare; contrast; relatively; more

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高 gao

high; tall; lofty; exalted; superior

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傾 qing

lean; tilt; incline; pour out; collapse

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音 yin

sound; tone; melody; news; tidings

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聲 sheng

sound; voice; noise; reputation; proclaim; claim

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和 he

and; harmony; peaceful; to harmonize; to echo; mild

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前 qian

front; before; former; advance

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後 hou

behind; back; after; later; subsequent

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隨 sui

follow; accompany; comply; according to; at will

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是 shi

right; correct; this; to be

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以 yi

by means of; use; because; so as to; in order to

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聖 sheng

holy; sacred; sage; saintly; divine

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人 ren

person; human; people; others; mankind

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處 chu

place; position; dwell; handle; punish

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事 shi

matter; affair; thing; event; task; to serve

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行 xing

walk; go; conduct; behavior; line; row; carry out

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言 yan

word; speech; to speak; to say

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教 jiao

teach; instruction; doctrine; educate

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萬 wan

ten thousand; myriad; countless; all; everything

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物 wu

thing; object; matter; creature; substance

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作 zuo

make; do; create; compose; work; act

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焉 yan

how; why; where; therein; thus; (final particle)

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而 er

and; but; yet; while; moreover

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辭 ci

words; speech; discourse; to decline; to take leave

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恃 shi

rely on; trust in; depend upon; count on

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功 gong

achievement; merit; accomplishment; effort; skill

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弗 fu

not; no; fail to; refuse

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居 ju

dwell; reside; live; residence; occupy; stay

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夫 fu

man; husband; adult male; [particle] now; indeed; as for

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唯 wei

only; sole; alone; yes; indeed

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去 qu

go; leave; remove; past; depart

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