Chapter 41

Original English Translation
上shang士shi聞wen道dao,
The superior person hears the Way,
勤qin而er行xing之zhi;
and diligently practices it;
中zhong士shi聞wen道dao,
the average person hears the Way,
若ruo存cun若ruo亡wang;
as if it exists, as if it does not;
下xia士shi聞wen道dao,
the lower person hears the Way,
大da笑xiao之zhi。
and laughs out loud.
不bu笑xiao不bu足zu以yi為wei道dao。
Were it not laughed at, it could not be the Way.
故gu建jian言yan有you之zhi:
Therefore there is a saying:
明ming道dao若ruo昧mei;
The clear Way seems obscure;
進jin道dao若ruo退tui;
the advancing Way seems retreating;
夷yi道dao若ruo纇lei;
the level Way seems heaped;
上shang德de若ruo谷gu;
highest virtue is like a valley.
太tai白bai若ruo辱ru;
Venus seems disgraced;
廣guang德de若ruo不bu足zu;
vast virtue seems insufficient;
建jian德de若ruo偷tou;
established virtue seems stealthy;
質zhi真zhen若ruo渝yu;
true nature seems altered;
大da方fang無wu隅yu;
the great square has no corners;
大da器qi晚wan成cheng;
the great vessel is completed late;
大da音yin希xi聲sheng;
the great sound is scarcely heard;
大da象xiang無wu形xing;
the great image has no form;
道dao隱yin無wu名ming。
the Way is hidden and nameless.
夫fu唯wei道dao,
Now, only the Way
善shan貸dai且qie成cheng。
is good at lending and completing.

Glyph notes

上 shang

above; up; upper; ascend; previous; superior

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士 shi

scholar; official; gentleman; warrior; man of status

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聞 wen

hear; listen; news; report; fame

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道 dao

road; path; way; method; principle; to speak; to lead

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勤 qin

diligent; industrious; to serve; hard work; frequent

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而 er

and; but; yet; while; moreover

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行 xing

walk; go; conduct; behavior; line; row; carry out

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之 zhi

it, him, her, them; of; 's; go to; reach

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中 zhong

middle; center; central; within; hit the mark

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若 ruo

if; supposing; like; as if; similar to

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存 cun

exist; remain; preserve; store; survive

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亡 wang

perish; die; lose; vanish; escape

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下 xia

below; down; descend; next; subordinate

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大 da

big; large; great; adult; major; high-ranking

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笑 xiao

laugh; smile; mock; ridicule

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不 bu

not; no; un-; non=

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足 zu

foot; sufficient; enough; to suffice

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以 yi

by means of; use; because; so as to; in order to

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為 wei

do; make; become; be; serve as; for; because of

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故 gu

cause; reason; former; old; therefore

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建 jian

build; establish; set up; found; erect

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言 yan

word; speech; to speak; to say

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有 you

have; possess; exist; there is/are; present

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明 ming

bright; clear; obvious; tomorrow; to clarify; understanding

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昧 mei

dark; dim; obscure; vague; blind to; ignore

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進 jin

advance; move forward; enter; progress; present

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退 tui

retreat; withdraw; recede; yield; retire; decline

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夷 yi

barbarian; level; flatten; destroy; peaceful

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纇 lei

kind; sort; category; similar; to classify

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德 de

virtue; moral character; inner power; virtuous

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谷 gu

valley; glen; gorge; dale

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太 tai

too; excessive; great; highest; grand

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白 bai

white; clear; plain; to explain; in vain

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辱 ru

humiliate; insult; disgrace; shame

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廣 guang

broad; wide; extensive; spread; spacious

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偷 tou

steal; pilfer; secretly; stealthily

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質 zhi

substance; essence; quality; pledge; hostage; to question; plain/simple

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真 zhen

true; real; genuine; truth; truly

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渝 yu

change; alter; shift; the Yu River

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方 fang

square; direction; side; method; upright

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無 wu

not; without; nothing; lacking; void

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隅 yu

corner; angle; nook; remote place; secluded

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器 qi

vessel; container; tool; implement; talent; organ

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晚 wan

evening; late; delayed; old age

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成 cheng

become; complete; succeed; accomplish; finished

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音 yin

sound; tone; melody; news; tidings

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希 xi

rare; scarce; hope; desire

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聲 sheng

sound; voice; noise; reputation; proclaim; claim

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象 xiang

elephant; image; form; appearance; phenomenon; likeness

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形 xing

form; shape; appearance; condition; to describe

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隱 yin

hide; conceal; latent; secluded; secret

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名 ming

name; title; reputation; to call; to designate

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夫 fu

man; husband; adult male; [particle] now; indeed; as for

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唯 wei

only; sole; alone; yes; indeed

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善 shan

good; virtuous; skilled; to be proficient at; kindness

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貸 dai

lend; borrow; loan; debt

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且 qie

and; also; moreover; furthermore; for now; let us first

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