Chapter 66

Original English Translation
江jiang海hai所suo以yi能neng為wei百bai谷gu王wang者zhe,
Rivers and seas can be kings of a hundred valleys
以yi其qi善shan下xia之zhi,
because they are good at staying below them;
故gu能neng為wei百bai谷gu王wang。
thus they can be kings of a hundred valleys.
是shi以yi聖sheng人ren欲yu上shang民min,
Therefore the sage, wishing to be above the people,
必bi以yi言yan下xia之zhi;
must place himself below them through his words;
欲yu先xian民min,
wishing to precede the people,
必bi以yi身shen後hou之zhi。
must place himself behind them in person.
是shi以yi聖sheng人ren處chu上shang而er民min不bu重zhong,
Thus he dwells above, yet the people feel no burden;
處chu前qian而er民min不bu害hai。
he dwells before, yet the people suffer no harm.
是shi以yi天tian下xia樂yue推tui而er不bu厭yan。
Therefore all under heaven gladly push him forward and do not tire of it.
以yi其qi不bu爭zheng,
Because he does not contend,
故gu天tian下xia莫mo能neng與yu之zhi爭zheng。
none under heaven can contend with him.

Glyph notes

江 jiang

river; large stream; the Yangtze

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海 hai

sea; ocean; vast expanse; salt water

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所 suo

place; location; that which; (agentive/passive marker)

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以 yi

by means of; use; because; so as to; in order to

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能 neng

can; able; ability; capacity; power

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為 wei

do; make; become; be; serve as; for; because of

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百 bai

hundred; many; numerous; manifold

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谷 gu

valley; glen; gorge; dale

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王 wang

king; ruler; royal; to rule

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者 zhe

one who; person; that which; the ...-er

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其 qi

his; her; its; their; that; the one who; such

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善 shan

good; virtuous; skilled; to be proficient at; kindness

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下 xia

below; down; descend; next; subordinate

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之 zhi

it, him, her, them; of; 's; go to; reach

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故 gu

cause; reason; former; old; therefore

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是 shi

right; correct; this; to be

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聖 sheng

holy; sacred; sage; saintly; divine

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人 ren

person; human; people; others; mankind

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欲 yu

desire; want; intend; be about to; appetite

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上 shang

above; up; upper; ascend; previous; superior

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民 min

people; citizens; subjects; commoners; populace

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必 bi

necessarily; certainly; must; inevitable

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言 yan

word; speech; to speak; to say

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先 xian

first; before; previous; ancestor

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身 shen

body; self; person; torso; status

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後 hou

behind; back; after; later; subsequent

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處 chu

place; position; dwell; handle; punish

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而 er

and; but; yet; while; moreover

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不 bu

not; no; un-; non=

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重 zhong

heavy; weight; repeat; again; serious; important

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前 qian

front; before; former; advance

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害 hai

harm; damage; hinder; disaster; harmful

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天 tian

sky; heaven; nature; fate; day

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樂 yue

music; joy; pleasure; happy; enjoy; be fond of

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推 tui

push; postpone; recommend; infer; decline

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厭 yan

loathe; weary of; satiated; shun

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爭 zheng

strive; contend; dispute; struggle; compete

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莫 mo

do not; no one; nothing; none

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與 yu

and; with; give; participate; join

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