鮒

Crucian carp; a small, common freshwater fish of ponds and slow-moving streams.

Contrast with 鯉 (lǐ): While both may be rendered as "carp" in English, they occupy different registers. 鯉 refers to the larger common carp, often associated with strength, prestige, and transformation. 鮒 is smaller and more ubiquitous; where a text specifically chooses 鮒 over 鯉 or the general term 魚, it likely emphasizes smallness, commonality, or insignificance.

Avoid translating as "goldfish" in ancient texts; the ornamental variety is a later development. In classical literature, this fish is silver-grey or olive-drab. Additionally, note that 鮒 frequently appears in contexts involving dried or preserved fish, often serving as a marker of frugality or poverty.