附

fù

adhere to, append; rely on; near to

Meaning

Core logic involves attachment, proximity, or subordination, specifically where a secondary element joins or depends upon a primary one (a "clinging" or "leaning" rather than total fusion).

  • Physical/Spatial: Literal adherence (sticking to a surface); proximity (residing near a place or leaning against a structure).
  • Social and Administrative: Subordination (seeking patronage or becoming a dependent); jurisdiction (official registration or attachment to an administrative district or office).
  • Textual/Additive: Appending supplementary information, such as appendices or notes added to a primary text.

Grammar and usage

  • Transitive Verb: Typically takes an object (附 [something]).
  • Modifier: Functions as an adjective meaning "supplementary," "nearby," or "attached."
  • Stative: Describes the condition of being attached.

Distinctions

  • 附 vs. 依 (yī): Both involve reliance, but 依 tends toward psychological, structural, or moral dependence, whereas 附 is more external, formal, or physical.

History and forms

Fanqie reading: 符遇; Tang-period reading: *bhiò.

Translator notes

Note the phonetic similarity between 附 (connection) and 付 (transfer/payment). If the context suggests a transaction, consider whether 付 was intended.

Decontextualized translator aid. This page describes plausible lexical range; it does not choose what the glyph means in a particular passage.