過

• Traversal: To pass through or move past a specific point; the passage of time.
• Quantitative Excess: To surpass a limit; "excessive" or "too much." Often positioned as the opposite of deficiency.
• Evaluative Fault: An error, mistake, or transgression.

• Verb: Transitive (e.g., to pass a place; to commit an error) or intransitive (e.g., time passes).
• Modifier: Adjective/adverb indicating excess ("too [adj]").
• Noun: A fault or transgression.
• Resultative/Complement: In later classical and vernacular styles, functions as a complement to another verb, indicating that the action resulted in passing a certain point.

Contrast with 越: While both involve crossing or exceeding, 過 generally describes linear motion (passing by or going beyond a mark), whereas 越 typically implies more forceful action, such as leaping over a boundary, trespassing, or surpassing a rank.

Variant U+8FC7 is an orthographic shift involving the 辶 radical and its internal components; it carries no change in lexical meaning.

When translating traversal, distinguish between "passing through" (traversal) and "passing by" (bypassing or missing a destination).