This is Gua 55 ䷶ in the Yi Jing, titled “Fullness.” It is composed of ☳ Zhèn Thunder above ☲ Lí Lightning.
豐
fēng
Abundant, lush, opulent; the state of fullness or a zenith.
Meaning
- Material: Bountiful harvests, lush vegetation, or physically imposing richness and opulence.
- Social/Political: Prosperity and the flourishing of a state or era.
- Abstract/Cosmological: The intensity of midday light or the completeness of ritual expression.
- Philosophical/Divinatory: The zenith; a point of maximum illumination and prosperity that may contain the inherent logic of subsequent decline.
Grammar and usage
- Attributive: Modifying a noun to indicate lavishness.
- Stative/Predicative: Describing an entity or situation that has reached its maximum capacity or peak influence.
- Nominal: Referring to the state of prosperity itself, or specifically as "Fullness" (e.g., Hexagram 55).
Distinctions
- vs 多 (duō): While duō is primarily quantitative (many/much), 豐 emphasizes qualitative richness and systemic fullness.
- vs 盛 (shèng): While both describe flourishing, 盛 typically emphasizes vigor and the active energy of growth, whereas 豐 emphasizes volume, weight, and the accumulated result of that growth.
Translator notes
Distinguish between static abundance (a wealth of resources) and a dynamic peak (a zenith). If the context implies the latter, consider terms such as "summit," "zenith," or "opulence" to capture the sense of a maximum state that may be precarious.
Decontextualized translator aid. This page describes plausible lexical range; it does not choose what the term means in a particular passage.