This is Gua 20 ䷓ in the Yi Jing, titled “Observing.” It is composed of ☴ Xùn Wind above ☷ Kūn Earth.
觀
guān
To observe or contemplate; appearance; a model or example.
Meaning
1. Active Observation: To survey, inspect, behold, or contemplate. This ranges from the physical scanning of a landscape to deep meditative focus on a principle or essence.
2. Appearance and Aspect: The outward manifestation or "look" of a thing; a perspective, formal display, or spectacle.
3. Exemplarity and Modeling: The process of witnessing a model in order to embody it; conversely, the state of becoming a visible example for others.
Grammar and usage
- Transitive: Observing a specific object, phenomenon, or conduct.
- Intransitive: The act of contemplation; looking out upon nature or the world.
- Noun: An appearance, viewpoint, or public manifestation.
Distinctions
- 觀 vs. 看 (kàn): 觀 is more formal, sustained, and analytical; 看 refers to general visual perception.
- 觀 vs. 視 (shì): 視 typically implies a directed gaze or specific point of view; 觀 tends toward a broader survey or holistic contemplation.
- 觀 vs. 察 (chá): 察 denotes surgical, investigative scrutiny; 觀 focuses on the overall pattern or manifestation.
History and forms
- Variants: U+898C, U+89C2.
- Associated with Hexagram ䷓ (the "Viewing" hexagram), emphasizing attentive observation that leads to transformation and public display.
Translator notes
- Philosophical contexts: Consider "contemplation," "insight," or "meditation on the nature of things."
- Social/Moral contexts: Determine if the term implies a moral dimension, specifically regarding beholding a model or presenting oneself as a public example.
- Ritual/Divinatory contexts: Note the pedagogical weight; observation is often presented as a means of transformation rather than passive viewing.
Decontextualized translator aid. This page describes plausible lexical range; it does not choose what the term means in a particular passage.