舊
jiù
old, ancient; former, past
Meaning
The glyph denotes "oldness" specifically in terms of replacement or deterioration, rather than biological age. Its range includes:
- Physical Wear: Worn-out, shabby, faded, or decayed through use (e.g., clothing, tools).
- Temporal Sequence: Former, previous, or erstwhile; a state of affairs that existed before the current one.
- Duration/Tradition: Long-standing or ancient; refers to things that have persisted over time, often implying established custom or habit.
Grammar and usage
- Attributive: Most common usage. The translator should determine if the modifier refers to condition (worn-out) or sequence (former).
- Predicative: When used as a predicate ("this is old"), it may convey either obsolescence (dismissal) or longevity (valuation/nostalgia).
- Habitual sense: Frequently appears in contexts of long-established practice or ingrained habit.
Distinctions
- 舊 vs. 老 (lǎo): 老 refers to biological age, seniority, or maturity. 舊 refers to the passage of time as it affects utility, sequence, or condition.
- 舊 vs. 古 (gǔ): 古 typically denotes absolute antiquity (the distant past/primordial). 舊 is usually relative, implying the existence of a newer version or a current state that has superseded the old one.
History and forms
- Variant: 旧 (U+65E7) is a simplified variant and is functionally identical.
Decontextualized translator aid. This page describes plausible lexical range; it does not choose what the glyph means in a particular passage.