初

chū

beginning, initial, primary

Meaning

  • Temporal/Sequential: The earliest stage of a process or period. When used adverbially ("at first"), it typically establishes a contrast between an initial state and a subsequent change.
  • Qualitative/Status: Primality or originality; in reference to a person, this often denotes a lack of experience (a novice or beginner).
  • Ordinal: The first stage of a process (distinct from the first item in a list).

Grammar and usage

  • Noun: The beginning or inception.
  • Modifier: Initial, primary, or early-stage.
  • Adverbial Marker: "Originally" or "at first."
  • Prefix: Used to qualify another state as being in its early stages.

Distinctions

  • 初 vs. 始: While both mean "begin," 始 often emphasizes the origin, cause, or absolute point of inception, whereas 初 focuses on position—the front edge of a timeframe or an early phase of development.
  • 初 vs. 起: 起 typically denotes the action of rising or the physical movement of starting; 初 is a marker of stage and state.

Graphical notes

Composed of clothing (衣) and knife (刀), suggesting the "first cut" of fabric before tailoring begins.

Translator notes

The glyph conceptualizes beginning not as a neutral timestamp, but as the initiation of a process—the transition from raw material to a shaped object. If the text uses 初 without an explicit later contrast, consider whether it describes a permanent primary quality or a state of innocence/novice status rather than a temporary starting point.

Decontextualized translator aid. This page describes plausible lexical range; it does not choose what the glyph means in a particular passage.