分
fēn
divide; a portion, share, or small unit of measure/time; social station.
Meaning
- Division and separation: The act of splitting or partitioning, whether physical (diverging paths) or abstract.
- Distribution and allocation: The intentional apportioning of shares, resources, land, or rewards.
- Social station and duty: One's proper place, social rank, or the boundaries of one's authority ("one's lot in life").
- Measurement: A small fraction, a weight, or a measure of time.
Grammar and usage
- Transitive verb: To divide $X$ into $Y$; to apportion.
- Intransitive/Resultative verb: To be separated; to diverge.
- Noun: A share, a portion, a social duty, or a specific unit of measure.
- Adverbial (in compounds): Indicates clarity or distinctness (e.g., 分明), as the logical result of clearly defined boundaries.
Distinctions
Typically implies a degree of order or intentionality in partitioning. This distinguishes it from 裂 (violent rending/tearing) and 离 (separation characterized by distance or departure).
History and forms
- Variants: The semantic variant U+4EFD is generally interchangeable with 分.
- Chronology: In early strata, the glyph functions as a generic "small portion" or specific weight rather than a standardized clock-minute.
Translator notes
Regarding the variant U+4EFD: Some suggest this form leans more strongly toward "measurement" in certain scribal traditions; however, this should be treated as a tentative hint rather than a definitive semantic marker unless supported by the broader context of the manuscript.
Decontextualized translator aid. This page describes plausible lexical range; it does not choose what the glyph means in a particular passage.