克

Denotes overcoming an obstacle, categorized by direction:

1. External Victory: To defeat, conquer, or overcome (e.g., military or political contexts).

2. Internal Mastery: To restrain, suppress, or endure; refers to the discipline and control of impulses or emotions.

Modal use meaning "to be able to" or "capable of." This typically implies a capacity born of strength, effort, or the ability to withstand pressure while carrying out an action.

In its modal sense ("be able to"), it differs from 能 (néng) by suggesting the means to act despite difficulty rather than a simple inherent ability.

Tang-period reading: kək. Variants include U+514B and U+524B.

• Transliteration: Frequently serves a purely phonetic function in Buddhist texts or records of foreign names/places. If surrounding syntax is irregular or lacks semantic coherence, treat as transliteration.
• Anachronism: Ignore any reference to "grams" (weight), as this is a modern metric development irrelevant to ancient texts.