享

xiǎng

To offer (ritually); to receive benefit or rank; to enjoy.

Meaning

1. Ritual Offering: The act of presenting offerings to a deity or ancestor.

2. Reception of Benefit: The acceptance of an offering, extended to the secular or administrative reception of a stipend, title, or endowment.

3. Affective Enjoyment: A state of pleasure or satisfaction.

Grammar and usage

The glyph may denote either the action (the presentation of the offering) or the result (the acceptance/satisfaction of the recipient).

History and forms

The semantic range evolves from a specific ritual action to the general reception of benefit, and finally to an affective state. The active layer is generally determined by the text's chronology.

Translator notes

In Zhou-period contexts, "enjoying" a status often refers to the formal reception of rank rather than secular leisure. If a dictionary gloss suggests "enjoy," verify whether the context requires "sacrifice/offer" (ritual) or "receive/be endowed with" (administrative).

Decontextualized translator aid. This page describes plausible lexical range; it does not choose what the glyph means in a particular passage.